淮北相山8个树种叶片的生态解剖特征

对淮北相山杂灌丛和混交林中8个树种叶片的生态解剖特征进行研究.结果表明,优势种叶片解剖可塑性显著大于亚优势种.叶片厚度、维管束厚度、海绵组织厚度、气孔密度、木质部韧皮部厚度比、栅栏组织厚度和栅栏组织海绵组织厚度比(S/P)等性状,在物种或生境之间的变异较大,称为关键解剖性状.与杂灌丛群落的阳生叶相比,混交林叶片表现出阴生特点:表皮及角质层薄,叶片较薄,栅栏组织不发达,S/P较大,输导组织相对不发达.8个树种叶片对其生境表现出多样化的适应方式,大致可分为3类:阳性旱生植物、耐荫性中生植物和阳性中生植物.演替早期植被中优势种多为阳性植物.

Eco-Anatomical Characteristics of Eight Tree Species in Xiangshan Mountain, Huaibei

The leaf eco-anatomical characteristics of eight tree species were studied from the shrub and mixed forest in Xiangshan mountain, Huaibei, Anhui Province. The results showed that the dominant species had more anatomic plasticity than subdominant species. The characters such as thickness of leaves, thickness of bundle, thickness of spongy tissue, stoma density, thickness ratio of xylem to phloem, thickness of palisade tissue, and thickness ratio of spongy to palisade tissue (S/P), were called the key anatomical characters in that they had great variation among species and habitats. Compared to the shrub community in which trees had sun leaves, the trees in mixed forest had shade-enduring leaves characterized as thinner leaf blade, thinner epidermis and cuticle, undeveloped palisade tissue, larger S/P, and thinner mid-rib as well. According to principle component analysis ordination on leaf anatomical characteristics, the 8 species from Xiangshan were divided into three groups: sun xerophyte, sun mesophyte, and shade-enduring mesophyte. This indicated that these trees had diversity ways in leaf structure to adapt the environment, and most of the dominant species in early successional stage were sun plants.