上升流和水团对浙江中部近海浮游动物生态类群分布的影响

依据2010年4月、7月和11月对浙江中部近海上升流海域进行的海洋调查资料,运用定量、定性方法,探讨了上升流对该海域浮游动物生态类群分布的影响.结果表明:3个季节共鉴定浮游动物64种,桡足类占主要优势,包括5个生态类群,分别是暖温带近海种、暖温带外海种、亚热带近海种、亚热带外海种和热带大洋种.在种类数组成上,春季以暖温带近海种为主,夏季则是亚热带近海种和亚热带外海种居多,秋季也是亚热带种居多,其中夏季暖温带种种类数要高于春季和秋季,这一现象与同时期东黄海沿海有所不同,主要是由于上升流将一些在海洋底部度夏的暖温种带至海洋表面造成的.此外,3个季节生态类群都是以近海种为主,表明沿岸流是影响这一海域的最主要的水团.在丰度组成上,4月暖温带近海种占总丰度的98.79％,7月暖温带近海种也是组成丰度的重要部分,10月则是亚热带近海种丰度最高.丰度组成所反映的规律与种类数组成规律一致.上升流的存在导致夏季近海暖温带种大量出现,是影响这一海域浮游动物生态类群组成的重要因素；受长江径流和椒江径流的影响,近海种成为主要生态类群,是这一海域浮游动物的一个重要的生态特征.

The influence of upwelling and water mass on the ecological group distribution of zooplankton in Zhejiang coastal waters

Based on the data from three oceanographic survey in offshore waters in Yushan fishery during April, July and November of 2010. Using quantitative and qualitative methods, this paper studied the influence of upwelling on the ecological characteristic distribution of zooplankton in this seas.. The result showed that a total of 64 species mainly dominated by copepods were identified, which comprised coastal temperate warm water species, offshore temperate warm water species, coastal subtropical water species, offshore subtropical water species and oceanic tropical water species altogether five ecological group. Coastal temperate warm water species were prevalent in spring, coastal subtropical water species and offshore subtropical water species in summer and subtropical species in autumn when it came to species composition. The phenomenon that quantity of temperate warm water species in summer higher than that in spring and autumn, primarily caused by the upwelling brought the temperate warm water species from bottom to surface, is different from that in East and Yellow China Sea. Additionally, coastal species is the dominant group which means that coastal current is the foremost water mass that influence this seas. The tendency of abundance composition, in which coastal temperate warm water species account for 98.79% in April and also a remarkable part in July, coastal subtropical water species occupied the highest proportion in October, coincided with that species composition. Upwelling leaded temperate warm water species appeared in large numbers is a key factor that affected the ecological composition in this waters. The coastal species became the dominant group, which influenced by Jiao-jiang runoff, was a prime ecological character of zooplankton in this seas.