Molecular phylogenetic analysis of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Peronosclerospora</Emphasis> (Oomycetes) reveals cryptic species and genetically distinct species parasitic to maize |
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Authors: | Sabine Telle Roger G Shivas Malcolm J Ryley Marco Thines |
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Institution: | (1) Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt (Main), Germany;(2) Plant Pathology Herbarium, Agri-Science Queensland, 40 Boggo Road, Dutton Park, Qld 4102, Australia;(3) Crop and Food Science, Agri-Science Queensland, PO Box 102, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia;(4) Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Siesmayerstr. 70, D-60323 Frankfurt (Main), Germany |
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Abstract: | Downy mildews are amongst the most widespread and economically important pathogens of cultivated grasses in the tropics and
subtropics. Despite their importance, molecular methods, particularly DNA sequence analysis, have rarely been applied to either
species identification or to the determination of phylogenetic relationships between species. Here we report the presence
of several cryptic species in the genus Peronosclerospora. Further we confirm that maize can be parasitised by several species of Peronosclerospora, including P. eriochloae, which has not been reported previously as a pathogen of maize. The presence of 14 distinct phylogenetic lineages, including
three that are parasitic to maize, highlights the current fragmentary knowledge on the diversity and classification of species
within Peronosclerospora. Species identification in Peronosclerospora has been traditionally based on the host genus and a set of variable morphological characteristics, which has meant that
the identification of species is often unreliable. This situation is primed for the application of molecular techniques for
the identification of species. One of the lineages parasitic to maize in Australia has not yet been formally described and
its distribution is not known. Future investigation including a broad sampling of downy mildews from maize and other cultivated
and native grasses on a world-wide basis is a prerequisite to a re-evaluation of quarantine regulations aimed at restricting
or limiting their spread. |
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