基于HJ-1数据的冬小麦种植面积、长势与收割进度遥感监测

及时、准确地获取冬小麦种植面积、长势、收割进度等信息对冬小麦产量预报和农田精细管理具有重要意义。本研究采用HJ-1A/B CCD1/CCD2影像，结合S-G滤波算法、波段最大化的光谱角目标探测器、阈值分割等方法进行新乡市冬小麦种植面积、小麦长势和收割进度等遥感监测。结果表明：（1）利用HJ卫星NDVI时间序列数据结合波段最大化的光谱角度目标探测器方法，可以进行冬小麦种植面积提取，各县市冬小麦种植面积提取相对误差在10%以内；（2）单景影像NDVI值阈值分割可以反映冬小麦长势在时空差异；（3）冬小麦达到抽穗期的时间不一致，NDVI值在4月15日和21日附近达到最大值；（4）利用成熟期和收割期不同时间的NDVI影像，可监测各县市冬小麦收割进度的时空差异。各县市冬小麦在6月4日前开始收割与6月15日左右完成收割工作。HJ卫星时间序列遥感数据可以进行冬小麦种植面积、长势、收割进度等遥感监测。

Remote Sensing Monitoring of Planting Area, Growth Situation and Harvest Process of Winter Wheat Based on HJ-1 Satellite Data

Timely and accurately monitoring planting area, growth situation and harvest process of winter wheat is of great significance for wheat yield prediction and precision management. The HJ-1A/B satellite CCD1 and CCD2 data, S-G Filter, SAM Target Finder with Bandmax and NDVI Density slicing were used to monitor the planting area, growth situation and harvest process of winter wheat in Xinxiang City. The research showed that based on SAM Target Finder with Bandmax, the NDVI time series derived by HJ-1 satellite data could extract the planting area of winter wheat and the root error band of planting area for each county was less than 10%. The individual image could reflect spatial and temporal differences of winter wheat growth stage. The feature of NDVI time series spectra could monitor the heading period of wheat. And the maximum NDVI values appeared around April 15^th and 21^th. The multi-temporal NDVI images during mature period and harvest period could monitor the spatial and temporal differences of the winter wheat harvest process. The beginning time of harvest was around June 4^th and the finishing time was around June 15^th. Therefore, the HJ satellite NDVI time series images have the ability to monitor the planting area, growth situation and harvest process of winter wheat.