玉米种子活力相关性状的杂种优势

以7个玉米自交系为母本,5个自交系为父本,按不完全双列杂交试验设计,组配35个杂交组合,田间和室内测定种子活力相关性状并进行杂种中亲优势分析。结果表明,各指标中亲优势明显,利用杂种优势可以改善种子活力及其相关性状;所有性状中亲优势的平均值均为正值。大多指标正向的中亲优势个数比例较高,室内发芽试验,所有指标正向的中亲优势个数均超过70%;田间测定中,除出苗势外,其余各指标正向的中亲优势个数均超过70%,出苗势为49%。对于某一性状,亲本在所有组合中都表现正向杂种优势的,较易出现较强的杂种优势组合。

Herterosis of Traits Related to Seed Vigor in Maize

Incomplete diallel cross was conducted by 7 inbred lines for female parents and 5 for male parents to form 35 crosses.Germination tendency,germination rate,etc,a total of 10 indexes of seed vigor and mid-parent herterosis were determined in laboratory and field.The results suggested that each index of the mid-parent herterosis was obvious,which indicated that use of heterosis can significantly improve the seed vigor and its related agronomic characters.The mean value of mid-parent heterosis in most characters was positive.The crosses with positive mid-parent heterosis had a high proportion.Positive mid-parent heterosis results of all characters of indoor germination test were all over 70%,and field measurement was the same as indoor germination test,except seedling emergence occupying 49%.This study also showed that in terms of a certain trait,parents in all combinations showed positive heterosis,more likely to present strong heterosis combinations.