农民专业合作社制度的演进及其启示

合作社是人们自愿联合,通过共同所有和民主管理的企业,来满足共同的经济和社会需求的自治组织。随着社会的发展,合作社原则不断演变。合作社的本质规定性可以归纳为:自愿、自治和独立;所有者和惠顾者同一;成员民主控制;资本报酬有限;按惠顾额分配盈余。中国农民专业合作社发展及组织制度变迁的主要经验教训是:必须坚持合作所有制,建立明晰的个人产权制度;必须重视在组织上建立跨地区和全国性的联合社;必须处理好为社员服务与盈利关系;必须实行民主管理,正确处理所有者与经营者关系;必须尊重农民在制度变迁中的主体地位,实行诱致性渐进式变迁。

Farmer Specialized Cooperative Society System Evolution and Its Enlightenment

The cooperative society is an autonomous organization by which people unite voluntarily in order to satisfy their common economical and social demand through jointly ownership and democratic management.The principles of cooperative society unceasingly evolve along with society's development. Cooperative society's essence stipulated nature may induces: voluntary,autonomous;owners and participants being the same;members democracy controlling;capital reward limited;assigning remaining sum according amount put in.The main experience farmer specialized cooperative society are: persisting cooperates ownership system;establishing defined individual property right system;establishing inter-regional and nationwide organization;proper handling the relationship between serving for the society member and profit;implementing democratic management and correctly handling the relationship between owners and operators;respecting farmer's main body status and implementing gradually system vicissitude.