绞股蓝有效成分的提取及抗氧化能力的研究

目的]比较2种绞股蓝提取物的抗氧化能力。方法]采用不同溶剂对2种绞股蓝进行有效成分的提取,对提取物中总黄酮进行鉴定,并对其含量进行测定,同时对不同提取物清除超氧阴离子自由基的能力进行研究。结果]最优提取方案为无水乙醇于90℃回流提取2 h。据初步鉴定,绞股蓝提取物中含有黄酮以及其他黄酮类化合物。无论是Ⅰ型绞股蓝还是Ⅱ型绞股蓝,无水乙醇提取物对超氧阴离子自由基的清除作用强于其他溶剂提取物,且Ⅰ型绞股蓝中无水乙醇提取物清除能力较强,在浓度为0.6 mg/ml时反应30 min,对超氧阴离子自由基的清除率可达51.20%。无水乙醇、浓度75%乙醇和水的提取物对超氧阴离子自由基的清除能力均强于维生素C。结论]野生绞股蓝提取物抗氧化性稍高于人工栽培的绞股蓝,但2种绞股蓝抗氧化效果差异并不大,说明南通地区的土壤等环境适合绞股蓝的生长。

Study on Effective Components Extraction and Antioxidant Capacities of Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino

Objective] The research aimed to compare antioxidant capacities of two kinds of extracts in Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino.Method] Scavenging effects on free oxygen radicals of the active fractions,which were extracted with different solvents from two kinds of Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino,were studied and the total flavones of the extracts were assayed.Result] The extracting results were optimal when the solvent was 100% ethanol at the temperature of 90 ℃ for 2 hours.Initial appraisal indicated that there were flavones and other flavonoids in the extracts of Gynostemma.100% ethanol extracts of two kinds of Gynostemma had significant effects to the others,and the scavenging effect of 100% ethanol extract of Gynostemma Ⅰ was more fantastic.After 30 minutes' reaction with the concentration at 0.6 mg/ml,the scavenging activity of the extract could reach 51.20%.Scavenging effects on free oxygen radicals of the extracts of 100% ethanol,75% ethanol and water were all stronger than that of vitamin C.Conclusion] Antioxidant capacity of wild Gynostemma extract was slightly higher than that of artificial cultivation of Gynostemma,but the difference was not big.It showed that the environment in Nantong was suitable for cultivation Gynostemma.