白蜡虫多糖免疫调节与抑制肿瘤活性

采用环磷酰胺诱导免疫低下小鼠模型,通过测定模型小鼠的炭粒廓清指数、吞噬指数、胸腺指数和脾指数考察白蜡虫多糖的免疫调节能力;对接种S180瘤细胞的小鼠采用口服和注射方式提供白蜡虫多糖,以抑瘤率考察白蜡虫多糖体内抑瘤活性;以生长率为指标考察白蜡虫多糖对人白血病细胞株、人肺癌细胞株、人胃癌细胞株及人肝癌细胞株等4种肿瘤细胞的抑制作用。结果显示:白蜡虫粗多糖(Cwps)和纯化多糖(Pwps)均能明显增加免疫低下小鼠碳粒廓清指数及吞噬指数,但对胸腺指数和脾指数无改善作用;体内抑瘤试验发现,白蜡虫多糖对小鼠体内S180有明显的抑瘤效果,但对离体肿瘤细胞生长却无明显抑制作用。研究结果表明:白蜡虫多糖能增加免疫低下小鼠的非特性免疫能力,具有体内抑制肿瘤作用,但对肿瘤细胞无细胞毒作用,揭示白蜡虫多糖通过提高小鼠免疫能力达到体内抑制肿瘤的功效。

Immunomodulatory and Antitumor Activities of Polysaccharide from Chinese White Wax Scale

The immunomodulatory and antitumor activities of crude polysaccharide (Cwps) and purified polysaccharide(Pwps)extracted from Chinese white wax scale were investigated in vivo and in vitro. The immunomodulatory effect of Cwps and Pwps were evaluated by carbon particle clearance index, thymus index and spleen index in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice. The inhibition rates of Chinese white wax scale polysaccharide on sarcoma 180 tumor in vivo and human leukemia, lung cancer, gastric cancer and hepatoma cell lines in vitro were observed. The results showed that both the Cwps and Pwps could increase phagocytic index significantly, but had no influence on thymus index and spleen index. The growth of S180 cell was significantly inhibited by Cwps in vivo, but both Cwps and Pwps didn't exhibited direct cytotoxic activities for four kinds tested tumor cells in vitro. The result indicated that antitumor properties of Chinese white wax scale polysaccharide might be achieved by improving immune response in vivo.