植物内生菌影响土壤微生物区系的研究进展

土壤微生物区系是土壤生态环境的重要组分,其结构的稳定性对作物的健康生长至关重要。本文重点综述了植物内生菌对土壤微生物区系的调节作用,调节机制及潜在应用,指出了植物内生菌影响土壤微生物区系研究中出现的问题。一些植物内生菌不仅对植物生长有益,还可以显著改善土壤微生物区系,主要表现在对土壤微生物种类及数量、微生物生物量、酶活性及相关酶基因表达的影响,这可能是内生菌在土壤中和植物体内引发的多种效应的综合。植物内生菌可以在土壤中作为腐生菌与土壤微生物存在生态位竞争,通过产生某些抗菌活性物质和有机酸影响土壤微生物生长,通过降解复杂有机物如木质素、酚类化感物质等调节微生物区系,并吸收和转运重金属降低其对土壤微生物区系的危害等等。最后提出了今后的研究方向。

Advances in the study of endophytes effects on soil microflora

Soil microflora is an important part of soil ecological environment. The stability of soil microflora plays an important role in plant growth. Except for the plant growth promoting ability, some endophytes also significantly impact soil microflora. In this review, quantities of studies are summarized and effects of endophytes on soil microflora and the regulatory mechanisms are also discussed. Endophytes not only improve soil microbial composition and biomass, but also enhance soil enzyme activities and the expression of related enzyme genes. The mechanisms of these effects mediated by endophytes are complex. Living in soil, endophytes occupy the same niches and struggle for the sources of carbon and nitrogen with soil microbes. Meantime, endophytes provide plenty of carbon and nitrogen sources for soil microbes by degrading litters in the soil. They also produce some antimicrobial active substances and organic acids to affect soil microbes. In addition, endophytes regulate soil microorganisms by promoting the release and degradation of complex organic compounds, such as ligin and phenolic allelochemicals. Furthermore, endophytes reduce the toxicity of heavy metal in soil. In addition, the application of endophytes is discussed. The deficiencies in the existing researches are pointed out and the further researches are also put forward.