Factors determining the occurrence of the agroforestry system withAcacia mearnsii in Central Java

In 1922, the colonial government introducedAcacia mearnsii in the tobacco-growing region of Wonosobo. Soon this species was accepted by the local people who developed an agroforestry system based on a rotation ofA. mearnsii and agricultural crops.Now, the growing of the black wattle is becoming less popular. To study the prospects for this agroforestry system 143 farmers from 5 villages were interviewed. The functions of this agroforestry system are the production of fuelwood and bark (which contains tannin for the leather industry), soil conservation and soil improvement. The following factors affectA. mearnsii growing: population density (which affects farm size and demand for domestic fuelwood), tobacco-processing (which requires fuel), topography and commercialization. If current trends continue, the contribution of the functions of this agroforestry system to welfare will not be sufficient to compete successfully with subsistence and cash crops like potatoes and tobacco. Therefore,A. mearnsii cultivation is expected to decline further.This article was written within the framework of the cooperation between the two departments in the Forestry and Nature Conservation (FONC) project sponsored by the Netherlands University Foundation For International Cooperation (NUFFIC).