玉米黄改骨干系植株性状的利用潜力评价

利用NCII设计,对玉米生产上常用的5个骨干黄改系的株型性状进行配合力及遗传参数分析。结果表明,株高与雄穗长呈极显著正相关,与雄穗分枝数呈极显著负相关;雄穗分枝数与雄穗长、穗位高和棒三叶夹角呈极显著负相关。雄穗长、雄穗分枝数和穗位高的遗传力较高,适宜在早代选择;株高和棒三叶夹角的遗传力较低,适宜在高代进行选择。黄改系lx9801的株高和雄穗长一般配合力高,特殊配合力方差大,在杂交组合的株高和雄穗长选配中具有重要的利用价值;浚926和浚928的利用应注意改良其穗位偏高的缺点。自交系昌7-2在株高上的特殊配合力和总配合力效应都较好,雄穗分枝数多,适合作父本;自交系K17的株高特殊配合力方差大,穗位高的总配合力效应小,在降低穗位高方面具有较大的利用潜力。

Evaluation of Potential Utilization of Plant Architecture Traits of Several Huangzaosi Improved Lines in Maize

The combination ability and genetic parameters for plant architecture traits of five major HuangZaoSi improved lines in maize were analyzed by means of NCII experiment design. The results showed that plant height had significantly positive relationship to tassel length but had significantly negative relationship to tassel number. The tassel number had significantly negative relationship to tassel length, ear height, and trefoil angel bar. Additionally, tassel length, tassel number, and ear height with high genetic ability could be selected at the early generation, while plant height and trefoil angel bar were reverse. The inbred line lx9801 had high general combining ability and variance of special combining ability in plant height and tassel length; it implied the potential utilization for the related plant architecture in maize breeding. For inbred lines Xun928 and Xun926, their major unfavorable trait was high ear height, and must be improved before used in practice. The inbred line Chang7-2 was suitable used as paternal parent owing to its high special combining ability, total combining ability in plant height and more tassel number. The inbred line K17 had potential utilization in decreasing ear height, because it had the lowest total combining ability of ear height and high variance of special combining ability of plant height.