小麦、毛苕和豌豆对磷肥的反应

试验表明,无论是豆科还是禾本科作物,其籽粒增产量和生物学产量与磷肥用量呈极显著的正相关。小麦对磷肥反应比所谓“喜磷”的豆科作物并不逊色,每公斤P_2O_5可增产小麦生物学产量38.9kg/亩,比豆科作物高出56.3％～84.1％;可增产籽粒19.6kg/亩,比豆科作物高62.7％～108.1％;由于施用磷肥,小麦籽粒的增产量比豆科作物的干物质增产量还高7％～13％.单位面积上小麦吸收的总磷量比毛苕和豌豆分别高出38％和55％,从肥料中吸取的磷素比豌豆略高,而低于毛苕。磷肥利用率也是如此。整体看来,小麦对磷肥的反应比豆科作物的毛苕、豌豆更敏感。

Responses of Wheat, Vicia, and Pea to Phosphate Fertilizer

Field experiment results obtained show that either legume or grass crops had good responses to soluble phosphate fertilizer, biomass or grain yields being significantly and positively correlated with fertilizer rates applied (r>0.93). Wheat response to phosphate fertilizer was better than the so-called P-loving crops, the legumes: each kg P2O5 could increase wheat biomass by 38.9 kg, grain yield 19.6 kg per mu, 62.7%- 108.1%, and 56.3%-84.1% higher than those of legume crops, respectively. By application of P fertilizer, the grain increase of wheat was 7-13% higher than the biomass increase of legume crops. Per mu P uptake by wheat was 38% higher than that by Vicia, and 55% higher than that by pea. The wheat uptake P from fertilizer was somewhat higher than pea, but less than Vicia. The fertilizer recovery was in the same order for the 3 crops. From the results, it seems that wheat response to P fertilizer is more sensitive than the legume crops, Vicia and pea.