杂种落叶松家系生长性状变异分析与优良家系选择

以黑龙江林口县青山林场12年生杂种落叶松家系试验林为研究对象，利用树高、胸径、材积等指标，采用方差分析法对家系间生长性状差异性进行比较，利用最佳线性无偏估计(BLUP)法对各家系材积性状育种值进行估算，对各参试家系生长性状进行遗传变异分析，筛选出生长表现较好家系。结果表明：杂种落叶松家系生长性状存在较丰富的变异，家系树高、胸径平均变异系数分别为21.23%和28.40%，材积变异系数最大，为58.87%；各家系间生长性状差异显著，家系间胸径与材积差异达到极显著水平，其中日12 ×兴9、日5 ×兴9、兴5 ×兴9、兴6 ×和6家系在材积方面表现较好；结合材积性状各家系育种值估算结果，筛选出日12 ×兴9、日5 ×兴9、兴5 ×兴9这3个家系作为杂种落叶松优良家系；生长性状间均为正相关关系，冠幅与树高相关性未达到显著水平，但与胸径、材积存在极显著正相关关系，说明冠幅对杂种落叶松的径生长具有积极的促进作用，对高生长的影响弱于径生长。

Variation Analysis of Growth Traits and Superior Families Selection of Hybrid Larix gmelini Families

Taking the 12-year-old hybrid Larix gmelini test plantation as research object, the survey data of height, DBH, volume and crown breadth were used to analyze variation in growth traits of hybrid Larix gmelini families, compared the differences among families by ANOVA, and estimated the breeding value of volume by BLUP method, synthesized the analysis results to select superior families. The results showed that there were abundant variations in growth traits, the mean variation coefficient of families about height and DBH were 21.23% and 28.40%, the coefficient of variation about volume was 58.87%. Differences in growth traits among different families were significant and The difference in DBH and volume among pedigrees reached extremely significant level. The Larix kaempferi 12 × Larix gmelinii 9, Larix kaempferi 5 × Larix gmelinii 9, Larix gmelinii 5 × Larix gmelinii 9 and Larix gmelinii 6 × Larix kaempferi 6 had good performance on volume. Synthesized the results of breeding value, finally selected the Larix kaempferi 12 × Larix gmelinii 9, Larix kaempferi 5 × Larix gmelinii 9, Larix gmelinii 5 × Larix gmelinii 9 as superior families. There was a positive correlation between crown height and tree height, but there was a significant positive correlation with crown diameter and volume, which indicated that crown width had a positive effect on diameter growth of hybrid larch. The effect of high growth was weaker than the growth of the diameter.