生物炭还田条件下磷肥减施对玉米产量及养分利用的影响

通过4年田间定位试验,研究辽宁昌图棕壤区生物炭还田条件下磷肥减施20%对玉米产量及养分利用的影响。结果表明,与常规施肥相比,生物炭还田(3 000 kg/hm~2)后各处理促进玉米增产,最高增产5.5%,生物炭还田配施磷肥减量20%处理的产量表现略有增加的趋势。生物炭还田后各处理均提高了玉米植株N、P和K的养分吸收量,提高玉米植株氮素和磷素回收率,生物炭还田配施常规肥处理可更好促进玉米氮、磷、钾养分吸收,提高玉米氮素回收率,4年综合提高5.3个百分点;生物炭还田配施磷肥减量20%处理可更好提高玉米磷素回收率,提高4.9个百分点。

Effects of Phosphorus Fertilizer Reduction on Maize Yield and Nutrient Utilization under Biochar Returning

Four-year field experiments were carried out to research the effects of reducing 20% phosphorus fer-tilizer on maize yield and nutrient utilization under biochar returning. The results showed that compared with the conventional fertilization(N, P₂O₅, K₂O application amount was 180, 75, 90 kg/ha), the yield of maize was increased by the treaments under biochar returning (3 000 kg/ha), with the maximum increase of 5.5%. While, the yield was not decreased but showed a slight increase trend at the later stage of the experiment under biochar returning plus phosphate fertilizer 20% reduction. Biochar returning increased nitrogen, phosphorus or potassium nutrient uptake and nitrogen or phosphorus recovery efficiency of maize plant. Biochar returning plus conventional fertilization was better to promote the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and increase nitrogen recovery rate by 5.3 percentage points through a total of 4 years. Biochar returning plus phosphate fertilizer 20% reduction was better to promote the increase of nitrogen recovery rate by 4.9 percentage points.