兴安落叶松过伐林结构优化及其效果分析

以兴安落叶松为研究对象，利用标准地数据，依据兴安落叶松过伐林结构现状，围绕间伐对象的确定方法、间伐强度的生成，人工辅助更新措施，母树的培育及格局，林分演替调控，林木格局及垂直结构优化等方面，提出了人工促进更新、诱导混交林、抚育间伐和局部抚育人工促进更新4种结构优化技术措施，初步分析了效果。结果表明：通过4种结构优化技术措施，能够有效调整主林层、演替层和更新层的树种组成，降低林木聚集系数，优化林木格局，提高林分空间利用率，促进正向演替。

Technology and Effect Analysis of Structure Optimization in Larix gmelinii Over-cutting Forest

Taking Larix gmelinii as research object, 4 structural optimization techniques, which were artificial facilitated regeneration forest, induction of mixed forest, tending of trees for intermediate cutting and regional artificial tending to facilitate the regeneration forest, were proposed by the data of sample plots in the L.gmelinii forest based on the current situation of over-cutting L.gmelinii forest structure under the method of determination of thinning objects, the generation of thinning intensity, the artificial supplementary renewal measures, the cultivation and pattern of the parent tree, the regulation of forest stand succession, the forest pattern and the vertical structure optimization. And carried out a preliminary analysis of the effect. The results indicated through 4 technical measures of structure optimization, the composition of tree varieties for main storey, succession storey and regeneration storey could be effectively regulated and the forest arrangement could be optimized, the tree clustering coefficient would reduce, the space utilization ratio of forest stand would be improved and the positive succession could be facilitated consequently.