新型尿素对玉米产量及养分积累、利用的影响

以西都森玉1号为试材,在N、P_2O_5、K_2O总投入量相同条件下,以施用普通尿素处理为对照,分析大田试验下施用几种新型尿素(控失尿素、腐殖酸尿素、聚能网尿素、含锌尿素)后玉米农艺性状、产量、生物量、养分积累及利用情况。结果表明,相对于普通尿素处理,几种新型尿素处理玉米产量及植株地上部分生物量均显著增加,控失尿素一次性施用增产率和生物量最高,分别为23.48%和387.21 g/株。控失尿素处理可显著增加作物氮、磷、钾积累量,聚能网尿素施用后显著增加作物对氮和钾吸收积累,腐殖酸尿素处理显著增加作物对氮、磷的吸收积累。控失尿素一次施用处理氮肥利用率、偏生产力、氮素吸收效率、氮肥农学效率均最高,分别为34.04%、66.09 kg/kg,102.09%、17.08 kg/kg。综合考虑,控失尿素一次性施用在贵州地区玉米作物上施用效果最好。

Effect of New-type Urea on Yield, Nutrient Accumulation and Utilization of Corn

Xidusenyu-1 was used as the test material, and on the condition of the total amount of N, P₂O₅, K₂O was the same, compared with ordinary fertilizer, the maize agronomic traits, yield, biomass, nutrient accumulation and utilization after the several new urea (loss control urea, humic acid urea, shaped net urea, Zinc urea) under field experiment were analyzed. The results showed that the new urea were significantly increased the yield and plant biomass. Among them, disposable urea had the highest yield and biomass, were 23.48% and 387.21 g/strain, respectively. The loss control urea treatment and loss control urea single basal application treatment can significantly increase nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accumulation of corn, the shaped net urea treatment can significantly increase nitrogen, potassium accumulation of corn, the humic acid urea treatment can significantly increase the accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus. Loss control urea single basal application treatment had the highest utilization rate, partial productivity, nitrogen absorption efficiency, nitrogen fertilizer and profit, 34.04%, 66.09 kg/kg, 102.09%, 17.08 kg/kg and 33.81% respectively. Comprehensive consideration, the control of urea single basal application was the best choice of corn in Guizhou region.