马来穿山甲的年龄结构及寄生物

以广东湛江市林业公安局没收的51头马来穿山甲活体标本为材料,分析研究其年龄结构和寄生物。根据鳞甲、毛发、爪的磨损程度以及母幼行为关系和体重大小,将马来穿山甲划分成4个年龄组:幼年组、亚成年组、成年组和老年组,分别由7(13.7%)、21(41.2%)、19(37.3%)和4头(7.8%)个体组成,性比(♀∶♂)为1∶0.97。通过体表观察、粪检和解剖观察,发现被蜱感染过的穿山甲体况下降,且这些穿山甲仅有1种体外寄生物,为爪哇花蜱(AmblyommajavaneseSupino,1897),感染率为68.63%(35/51),未见幼体被感染。同时还讨论了该物种野放的生态安全问题。

Age Structure and Parasites of Malayan Pangolin (Manis javanica)

Fifty one living Malayan pangolins（Manis javanica） were obtained from Zhanjiang Forestry Bureau of Guangdong on August 23,2001.The age structure and parasites of the animals were analyzed and examined.According to the wear degree of their claws,scales and hair,the behavior relationships between mother and baby,and body weight,they were divided into 4 age groups： cub,sub-adult,adult and senior,and were composted of 7（13.7%）,21（41.2%）,19（37.3%） and 4（7.8%） individuals respectively.Sex ratio was 1∶0.97（♀∶♂）.The epibiont and endoparasite in these pangolins were surveyed by naked eyes observation and examination of their droppings.Only one species of tick parasite was found beneath scales of the animals,named as Amblyomma javanese Supino.The infection rate was 68.63%（35/51）,but the juveniles were not infected.The health conditions of infected individuals were poor.We also discussed the ecological security to release this species in China.