河南省高粱种质生物学特性的研究

１９８６～１９９０年对河南省高粱品种资源（１０４６份）生物学特性的研究结果表明，苗期抗冷１级品种２９个；苗期抗旱１级品种１６个；苗期和芽期均耐盐的品种８个；发病率在１２％以下抗丝黑穗病品种８个；抗螟１级品种９个；耐瘠１级品种８０个。品质分析结果：蛋白蛋含量１４％以上的品种７个；赖氨酸占蛋白含量２．６％以上品种１４个，赖氨酸占样品含量０．３％以上品种２２个，其中赖氨酸占蛋白、占样品均高的品种５个；单宁含量低于０．１％的品种１９个；具２个和２个以上优异性状的种质１２个，其中具３个以上优异性状的高粱种质２个，这些高粱品种资源是最宝贵的种质材料。实践证明，利用生物措施是稳定提高农业生产的有效措施。目前河南省推广面积较大的高粱品种多是抗性中上等，丰产性、品质较好的品种。

A Study on Biological Characters of Sorghum Germplasms of Henan Province

From 1986 to 1990, sorghum germplasms maintained in Henan province were evaluated for their tolerance to drought, cold, saline-alkali and infertile soil conditions, and resistance to, head smut, snout moth's larva and aphid. Quality analysis was also conducted. The results showed that 29 varieties were cold-tolerant at seedling stages, 8 varieties were resistant to head smut with an incidence of below 12%, 9 varieties were resistant to snout moth's larva, 80 varieties were tolerant to infertile soil conditions. Through quality analysis, 7 varieties with protein content over 14%, 14 varieties with lysine content of sample over 2. 6%, 22 varieties with lysine of protein content over 0. 3%, 5 varieties with lysine both of protein content and of sample and 19 varieties with tannic acid below 0. 1% were identified. Moreover, there were 12 germplasms with 2 or more desirable characters, and 2 germplasrns with 3 desirable characters. These are the most valuable sorghum resources of Henan province.