离子注入对棉花离体组织培养影响初报

以3个陆地棉品种为材料,用子叶、下胚轴、花药、茎尖和愈伤组织为外植体进行不同剂量的氮离子束辐照处理,研究了不同离子辐照剂量对外植体出愈率、愈伤组织鲜重和愈伤组织生长速率的影响。结果表明:不同外植体出愈率和茎尖成活率随离子注入剂量增加呈S型曲线。低于1.6×10~(15)N~+/cm~2的剂量对愈伤组织鲜重有剌激作用,4×10~(15)N~+/cm~2的剂量完全抑制下胚轴愈伤组织的形成。用25Kev的N~+离子束辐照愈伤组织,低于4×10~(14)N~+/cm~2的剂量对辐照后20—30天的愈伤组织生长有剌激效应,1.6×10~(15)N~+/cm~2对愈伤组织有致死作用。外植体辐照敏感性愈伤组织>下胚轴>茎尖>花药>子叶。真空是影响离子束对离体组织辐照的重要因素。

Effect of Ion Beam Irradiation on in vitro Culture of Cotton.

0 —8X 10~(15)N~+/cm~2 with 30 Kev was used to treat the cotyledon, hypocotyl, anther, shoot tip and callus of 3 cultivars of upland cotton . The effects of irradiation under different dosages on the frequency of callus,fresh weight of callus and growth rate were studied. The results showed as follows: The relationship diagrams between the frequency of callus (including survival rate of shoot tip) and ion implantation dosage was "S"curve. The dosage belowl.6× 10~(15)N~+ / cm~2 could improve the growth of callus. Exposure of 4×10~(15)N~+/cm~2 completely inhibited the callus formation from explants of hypocotyl. Callus from XU—ZHOU 553 cultivar was irradiated with 25 Kev,0—2. 0× 10~(15) N~+/cm~2.The results showed that exposure below 4×10~(14)N~+/cm~2 could promote the growth of callus 20—30 days after being irradiated. 16×10~(14)N~+/cm~2dosage had the effect of lethal to callus. The radiosensitivity of explants was callus>hypocotyl>shoot tip>anther>cotyledon. Vacuum was an important factor to effect in vitro irradiation.