禽白血病检测方法的建立和比较

提纯的禽成骨髓细胞增生病病毒(AMV)经用吐温-80和乙醚裂解后免疫兔,能获得抗禽白血病病毒(ALV)群特异性(gs)抗原的高特异性抗体,试验结果表明这种抗体能满意和有效地用于各种检测方法中。葡萄球菌 A 蛋白的酶联免疫吸附试验(PPA-ELISA),酶联免疫吸附访验(ELISA),免疫酶组化法(IHCA)和琼脂扩散沉淀试验(AGP)四种方法的比较结果为:PPA-ELISA 的检出率最高,ELISA 的检出率为略低,其次为 IHCA 的检出率,AGP 的敏感性为最低。综合评定为ELISA 是一较为理想和经济的检测方法。广东省部分鸡场抽样检查的结果表明,各鸡场的 gs 抗原的阳性率是很高的,蛋清和胚胎中 gs 抗原的阳性率也很高,显然 ALV 的先天性传递在本病的流行病学中是非常重要的。

ESTABLISHMENT AND COMPARISON OF METHODS USED IN THE DETECTION OF AVIAN LEUKOSIS

Rabbits were immunized with purified avian myeloblastosis virus(AMV) disintegrated by Tween-80 and Ether to yield a large quantity of hyperimmune serum.This serum after absorption treatment gave a highly specific antibody against the group-specific(gs) antigen of avian leukosis virus(ALV),and was satisfactorily and effectively used in various tests to detect the ALV-gs antigen. Comparison of four methods used to detect ALV-gs antigen,namely,HRP- protein A enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(PPA-ELISA),enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),immunohistochemical assay(IHCA),and agar- gel precipitin(AGP)test,demonstrated that the PPA-ELISA gave the highest detection rate,closely followed by the ELISA,and then by the IHCA,with the AGP test showing the lowest sensitivity By the large,the ELISA is considered a rather ideal and economical detection method.Sampling of some chicken farms in Guangdong province revealed very hish gs detection rate in the sera of the birds.The gs detection rate in the egg albumin and embroys were also very high and obviously congenital trantmission of ALV in the epidmology of this disease was extremely important.