气候变化对黄河中游河龙区间径流量的影响分析

通过对黄河中游河龙区间的气候变化分析发现,河龙区间年平均气温和四季气温均呈现上升趋势;进入20世纪90年代后河龙区间年平均降水量呈明显减少趋势;春、冬季降水量呈微弱增加趋势,夏、秋季降水量呈明显减少趋势.同时计算分析了龙门站径流量对气候变化的敏感性及气候变化对径流量的影响程度.结果表明,年径流量随降水的增加而增加,随气温的升高而减少;径流量对降水变化的响应较其对气温变化的响应更为显著;20世纪90年代后,气候变化对径流量的影响幅度为21%.

Effects of Climatic Variations on Runoff Volume over the He-long Reach of the Middle Yellow River

The climatic variations over the He-long reach of middle Yellow River were analyzed since 1957.Results showed that:air temperature of annual and seasonal increased obviously,but that of the precipitation showed the opposite tendency from the 1990s.The precipitation in spring and winter increased weakly,but decreased obviously in summer and autumn.At the same time,the sensitivity and effects of climate change on the runoff volume were analyzed.The results also showed that the annual runoff volume of the Yellow River increased with the increasing of precipitation,but decreased with the increasing of temperature.The response of the annual runoff volume to precipitation change was more significant than that of the temperature change.The effect of climatic variations on annual natural runoff volume has been significant since the 1990s,and the affecting scope is 21%.