濒危植物夏蜡梅遗传分化研究

为阐明小尺度范围内濒危物种夏蜡梅种群的遗传分化，保护和恢复夏蜡梅种质资源，采用 ISSR分子标记技术，对浙江省临安市清凉峰镇的5个夏蜡梅种群的遗传结构进行分析。12个引 物对夏蜡梅5个种群100个个体进行扩增，共得到171个位点，其中多态位点98个，总多态位点百 分率（P）为 57.31%，平均为25.03%。夏蜡梅总Shannon指数 （I）为0.268 9，平均为0.148 8; 总 Nei指数 （h）为0.174 5，平均为0.102 8。 P、I、h均表明夏蜡梅总体水平的遗传多样性较高，而种群 水平的遗传多样性较低。AMOVA分子变异分析结果显示，47.01%的变异存在于种群间，52.99% 的变异存在于种群内;种群内与种群间的遗传分化均很明显。夏蜡梅种群间基因流较低，为0.717 3，显示夏蜡梅种群间的基因流动部分受阻。 5个种群的平均遗传距离为0.1051，根据种群间的遗 传距离进行UPGMA聚类，结果为生境相似的种群聚在一起。夏蜡梅种群间较高水平的遗传分化 主要是本身的生物学特性以及对微生境适应的结果。

Genetic Differentiation of Calycanthus chinensis an Endangered Plant

Genetic structures of 5Calycanthus chinensis populations，located Qingliangfeng in Lin'an city Zhejiang Province， were analyzed by Using Inter Simple Squence Repeat（ISSR） molecular marker techˉ nique，to reved genetic differentiation of S. chinensis fine scale，and to provided a theoretical basis for proˉ tecting and restoring its germplasm resources. Using12 primers， 98 polymorphic loci from total 171 loci were detected in 100 individuals from 5 populations and the overall percentage of polymorphic loci（P）was 57.31%with an average of 25.03%.Total Shannon's information index（I）and Nei's gene diversity（h）of S. chinensis was the total value of0.268 9、0.174 5 with an average of 0.148 8、0.102 8respectively. The results of P， I and h indicated that genetic diversity at species level was relatively high， but at relatively low at population level. Analysis of molecular variation （AMOVA） suggested the variation was 47.01% aˉ mong populations and 52.99% within population. Therefore， genetic differentiation within population and among populations were significant. The gene flow among populations was as low as 0.717 3indicating that part of gene flow was blocked. The mean genetic distance of 5S. chinensis populations was 0.105 1 . Based on genetic distance， the clustered result for 5S. chinensis populations by unweighted pair group method arithmetic average （UPGMA） suggested the populations in the similar habitat were clustered toˉ gether. So genetic differentiation among S. chinensis populations was induced by its biological characterisˉ=================================.77.=================================tic and the adaptability for different microhabitat.