土石山区径流小区坡长对径流量和侵蚀量影响的研究

以土石山区径流小区所产生的径流量和侵蚀量为研究对象,对在山东省临朐县辛庄试验站径流小区坡长为10m,20m和40m多年的观测资料,分析了坡长与径流和侵蚀的关系.研究表明:不同坡长条件下降雨量与径流量和侵蚀量呈线性关系,同一坡长条件下,径流量和侵蚀量随降雨量的增加而增加,不同坡长条件下,随坡长的增加,径流量逐渐增加,在P<10mm时20m坡长的侵蚀量大于40m坡长的侵蚀量,在P>10mm时呈相反变化.不同坡长条件下I₃₀与径流量和侵蚀量呈幂函数关系,同一坡长条件下,径流量和侵蚀量随I₃₀的增加而增加,不同坡长条件下,随坡长的增加,侵蚀量逐渐增加,在I₃₀<20mm时20m坡长的径流量大于40m坡长的径流量,在I₃₀>20mm时呈相反变化.

Effects of Slope Length on Runoff and Soil Erosion in Rocky Mountain Runoff Plots

The relationship between slope length and runoff with soil erosion is analyzed using years of observation data in Linqu county,Shandong province Daxinzhuang station runoff plots.The results show that rainfall and runoff with erosion is linear under different slope length,however,the runoff and soil erosion increase with the rainfall increasing on the same slope length,the runoff increases with the slope length increasing.Soil erosion of 20m-long plot is less than 40m-long plot’s as P<10mm,but on the contrary as P>10mm.There is significant linear relationship between every rainfall and runoff or soil erosion.There is significant power function between the biggest of I₃₀ rainfall intensity and runoff or soil erosion.the runoff and soil erosion increase with I₃₀ increasing on the same slope length,soil erosion increases with the slope length increasing,and 20m-long plot of runoff is more than 40 m-long plots as I₃₀<20mm,it has contray chang as I₃₀>20mm.