基于压力－状态－响应模型的区域生态安全评价研究--以湖北省恩施州为例

目的]定量评估区域生态安全的基本态势和变动特征。方法]以人类活动扰动较大的湖北省恩施州为例,采用压力-状态-响应(P-S-R)模型,结合区域自然环境、生态问题、经济社会发展水平等方面,遴选人口密度、公路密度、人均GDP、人均耕地面积、第三产业比重等16个指标,采用变异系数法和熵权法2种客观权重赋权法分别对各个指标进行赋权,通过综合评价法对恩施州各县市的生态安全进行评定。结果]恩施州的生态安全度大多处于预警状态,其中建始县的生态安全状况较好,恩施市与巴东县的生态安全状况较差。结论]当地可根据自身实际情况,综合科技、教育投入等多方面考虑,采取切实、有效的方法以改善该区域的生态环境。

Regional Ecological Security Evaluation Based on Pressure-Status-Response Model-A Case of Enshi Autonomous Prefecture in Hubei Province

Objective] To quantitatively evaluate the basic situation and changing characteristics of regional ecological security.Method] With Enshi Autonomous Prefecture in Hubei Province as a case , Pressure-Status-Response ( P-S-R) Model was adopted.Combing with the as-pects of regional natural environment, ecological problem, economic and social development level, we selected 16 indexes of population densi-ty, road density, GDP per capita, cultivated land per capita, proportion of the tertiary industry and so on.Two objective weighting methods ( coefficient of variation method, entropy weight method) were used to empower the indexes.Comprehensive evaluation method was used to e-valuate the ecological security in different counties and cities of Enshi Autonomous Prefecture . Result] The ecological security degree of En-shi Autonomous Prefecture was mainly in an early warning state.Among them, Jianshi County had relatively good ecological security status;while Enshi City and Badong County had relatively poor ecological security.Conclusion] According to their own local situation, effective methods should be adopted to improve the ecological environment of the region, based on the comprehensive consideration of different aspects, such as increasing input in science, technology and education.