基于不同岩性的黔中地区土壤肥力评价

[目的]通过评价黔中喀斯特地区6种不同非碳酸盐岩的土壤肥力,旨在了解喀斯特地区不同岩性土壤的基本状况及肥力。[方法]以黔中地区6种非碳酸盐岩类岩石上发育的土壤为研究对象,分别选取土壤物理、化学及生物学指标进行土壤肥力评价,利用主成分分析对指标进行筛选,提取4个主成分及其贡献率、特征值及得分值,通过土壤肥力综合指数计算各类岩性土壤肥力的综合得分,并进行排序。[结果]土壤化学性质,即土壤养分在土壤肥力评价中具有重要作用;在喀斯特地区,不同岩性非碳酸盐岩类岩石的土壤肥力不同,以玄武岩上发育的土壤肥力最好,其次为变余砂岩、第四纪红色黏土、煤系砂页岩、石英砂岩,最差的为长石石英砂岩。[结论]该研究在一定程度上深化了前人对于喀斯特土壤肥力的研究,为了解喀斯特地区的非碳酸盐岩类土壤肥力提供参考,同时也可促进喀斯特地区的植被培育、生态修复和治理。

Evaluation on the Soil Fertility of Different Rock Soil in the Central Region of Guizhou

Objective] The aim was to study the basic situation and fertility of different rock soil in Karst region through evaluating fertility of six non-carbonate rock soil in the central region of Guizhou. [ Method] Taking six non-carbonate rock soil in the central region of Guizhou as the research object, soil physical, chemical and biological indicators were selected to evaluate the soil fertility. Using principal component a-nalysis ( PCA) for index selection, four principal components and contribution rate, characteristic value and score were extracted. The com-prehensive score of fertility of each rock type soil was calculated through soil fertility comprehensive index and was ranked. [ Result] The re-sults showed that:soil chemical properties—soil nutrient in soil fertility evaluation plays an important role;different rock of non-carbonate rock soil fertility varies in the Karst area, with basalt soil fertility is best, followed by the palimpsest sandstone, quatemary red clay, shale, coal sand quartz sandstone, the worst is feldspar quartz sandstone. [ Conclusion] To some certain extent, predecessors’ study on soil fertility in Karst, can lay the foundation for research on plant growth, provide reference for study fertility of non-carbonate rock soil in Karst region, pro-mote vegetation cultivation, ecological restoration and treatment in Karst area.