高山峡谷区生态足迹与生态承载力动态分析——以云南迪庆藏族自治州为例

以云南迪庆州为研究对象,基于国家生态足迹账户计算方法(2010版)展开研究,计算并分析了2005~2014年迪庆州的生态足迹和生态承载力,旨在实证生态足迹模型在高山峡谷区的应用,并为迪庆州可持续发展提供依据。结果表明:2005~2014年迪庆州人均生态足迹呈振荡式上升趋势,从2005年的0.825 3 gha波动上升到2014年的1.251 7 gha;人均生态承载力总体呈下降趋势,从2005年的0.945 8 gha下降到2014年的0.467 8 gha;生态平衡由微弱的生态盈余逐步转向生态赤字,且生态赤字呈大幅度增长趋势,2014年支撑经济发展需要2.66倍的迪庆生态承载力;碳吸收地在生态足迹结构中由较低占比迅速增长成为生态足迹的主要成分之一,是迪庆州生态赤字的主导因素;生态效率年均增长率要远低于GDP年均增长率。

D ynamci Analysis of Ec ological Footprint and Ecological Carrying Capacity in Alpine Va lley Areas-A Case Study of Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan Province

To study the application of the ecological footprint model in alpine valley areas and provide theoretical basis for the sustainable de-velopment of Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,the ecological footprint and ecological carryingcapacity in Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Pre-fecture in Yunnan Province during 2005-2014 were calculated and analyzed based on the Calculation Methodology for the National Footprint Accounts (the2010 Edition).The results showed that in Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture during 2005-2014, ecological footprint per capita increased from 0.825 3 gha in 2005 to 1.251 7 gha in 2014;ecological carrying capacityper capital declined from 0.945 8 gha in 2005 to 0.467 8 gha in 2014; ecological balance gradually changed from slight ecological surplus to ecological deficit which increased obviously, and 2.66times of ecological carrying capacity in Diqing was needed to support the economic development ; the contribution of carbon uptake land to total ecological footprint increased quickly, which was the dominant factor resulting in ecological deficit;annual growth rate of ecologi-cal efficiency in Diqing calculated based on ecological footprint was far lower than that of GDP in Diqing .