基于教育移民的石漠化地区生态可持续恢复研究

笔者分析了广西生态移民与石漠化地区治理的现状，认为广西石漠化地区已经总体上实现了生态逆转，而其中最重要的因素就是移民。同时也指出广西石漠化地区移民存在严重的回流现象，进而探讨了教育移民的重要意义。教育有助于提高移民的人力资本和社会资本，有助于培育未成年人，帮助他们今后走出石漠化地区，更有助于提高留守居民的技能，改变其生态意识，提高现有资源和能源的利用率。在此基础上，提出了促进教育移民，恢复石漠化地区生态可持续发展的具体措施，强调应建立石漠化地区青少年教育基金、青少年中高等教育发展基金、青壮年就业培训基金，以及石漠化地区生态培训基金，通过教育补助提高石漠化地区人群的素质与技能，实现永久性移民。

Study on the Ecological Restoration of Rocky Desertification Area Based on Educational Immigrants

The status of Guangxi ecological immogrants and rocky desertification area governance was analyzed, it was thought that Guangxi rocky desertification area has achieved the ecological reversal, and the most important factor is migration. It was also pointed out that there is a serious phenomenon of back-flow, the significance of educational migration was discussed. Education can improve immigrants’ human cap-ital and social capital, also can improve left behind residents’ skills and change their ecological awareness, improve utilization of existing re-sources and engery. On the basis of this, specific countermeasures for promoting educational migration and restoring ecological sustainable de-velopment in rocky desertification area were proposed. Youth education fund, teenagers higher education development fund, youth employment training fund, ecological training fund in rocky desertification area should be established. Through education grants to improve residents’ qual-ity and skills in rocky desertification area, the aim was to realize permanent immigration.