高产春玉米群体库及源库流的综合调控

在不同密度和氮用量条件下研究了春玉米群体高产和超高产（12750－16000kg.hm^-2)群体库及源库流综合调控措施。试验在吉林省梨树县进行,设3,6,9,12万株.hm^-24个种密度和0,180,360,540kg.hm^-24个氮素处理。研究结果表明,群体粒数、穗粒重、百粒重可反映群体的库数量和质量,粒叶比可反映群体源与群体库的数量关系;对于以高密度和高肥为水为基础的高产和超高产群体,提高群体粒数可同时克服库物流对产量的限制,是进一步提高产量的有效途径,而提高群体粒数的关键是减少籽粒败育;粒叶比随密度增加而下降,通过增加密度来扩库的同时,应适当降低源增加幅度。

Regulation of Population Sink and Rdationships of Source, Sink and Flow of High-yidding Spring Maize

The regulation of population sink and relationships of source, sink and flow of High-yielding spring maize were investigated with plant densities of 30,60,90,120 thousand plants per hectare and nitrogen rates of 0, 180, 360, 540 kilogram N per hectare, respectively. The results showed that grain number, ear weight and 100-grain weight could act as the regulation factors of quantity and quality of population sink. Ratio of grain number to leaf area could reflect the relationships between population source and sink in quantity. To the high-yielding population which based on the high population and fertility, increasing grain number could help to overcome the restriction of sink and flow, which was a way to increase yield further. The key process to increase grain number in high yield condition was to reduce the aborting rate of kernel. Ratio of grain number to leaf area decreased with the increase of plant density, and so the source size should be reduced when the plant density was added to increase the sink size.