指纹技术识别泥沙来源:进展与展望

泥沙来源信息有助于研究流域土壤侵蚀、泥沙输移与沉积特征,对于制定流域泥沙及非点源污染控制战略具有重要意义。泥沙指纹技术是识别泥沙来源的一个可靠方法被广泛应用于世界各地不同流域,最近20多年在指纹因子选择和混合模型优化等技术方法上以及不同时空尺度和源地分类等应用类型上都得到了快速发展,正在从一种研究工具逐步发展为一种管理工具。综述了国内外指纹技术识别泥沙来源在研究尺度、指纹因子筛选、源地贡献分配、不确定性分析等方面开展的研究,并对泥沙指纹技术研究当前存在的问题及今后研究趋势作了分析展望。

Sediment Source Fingerprinting: Progresses and Prospects

Sediment sources information has considerably enhanced our knowledge of patterns of soil erosion, sediment delivery and deposition in a watershed. It also has great significance for the development of effective sediment and nonpoint source pollution control strategies. Sediment fingerprinting technique has been widely used as a reasonable and reliable means for investigating sediment sources in different watersheds in the world. In recent two decades, rapid progresses have been made in methods improvement, such as fingerprints selection and unmixing model optimization, and also in application range, such as different spatial-temporal scales and different sources classifications. Even more, sediment fingerprinting technique is now transforming from a research tool to a management tool. This paper reviewed the development of fingerprinting technique in aspects of research scales, fingerprints selection, source contribution apportionment and uncertainty analysis. This review also examined the current problems associated with the methodology and identified some research needs for further investigation in the future.