施肥对采煤塌陷区复垦土壤理化性质和磷分级的影响

以山西省晋城市采煤塌陷区复垦土壤为研究对象,连续3年定位施肥研究施用有机肥(M)、无机肥(NPK)、有机肥+无机肥(NPK+M)对土壤理化性状、土壤磷分级的影响。结果表明:试验结束后,不同施肥处理土壤的pH、容重、全氮、全磷含量差异均不显著;单施有机肥处理的有机质含量显著高于单施化肥处理;有机肥+无机肥处理土壤速效磷含量高于其余处理,但处理间差异不显著。有机肥+无机肥处理能够明显提高土壤无机磷组分Ca_8-P含量;不同施肥处理均显著提高了Fe-P,处理间差异不显著;各处理的O-P、Ca_(10)-P增幅不明显;对照处理的不同无机磷组分含量总体保持下降趋势,其中Ca_8-P、Fe-P降幅较为明显。有机肥处理对活性、中活性组分,有机肥+无机肥处理对活性、中稳性有机磷效果明显,无机肥对有机磷组分效果不显著。相关性分析表明,Ca_2-P、Ca_8-P、Al-P、Fe-P、中活性、中稳性有机磷与速效磷均呈显著正相关性,Ca_8-P、中活性有机磷与速效磷极显著相关。

Influence of Fertilization on Physicochemical Properties and Phosphorus Fractions of Reclaimed Soil in Coal-mining Subsided Land

Taking reclaimed soil of the subsided land resulting from coal-mining as the research object in Jincheng, Shanxi province, the experiment studied the effects of organic manure (M), inorganic fertilizer (NPK) and organic+inorganic fertilizer (NPK+M) application for 3 years on soil physical and chemical properties, phosphorus fractions. The results showed that: there was no significant difference in soil pH, bulk density, total nitrogen and total phosphorus among different fertilization treatments, and the content of organic matter in M treatment was significantly higher than that of single fertilizer treatment, and the content of soil available phosphorus in NPK+M treatment was higher than that in the rest treatments, but the difference was not significant. NPK+M treatment could significantly increase Ca₈-P content of the soil inorganic phosphorus fractions, and all fertilization treatments significantly improved the content of Fe-P, while the difference was not significant. The growth of O-P and Ca₁₀-P was not obvious in all treatments. The contents of different inorganic phosphorus components in the control treatment generally declined, and Ca₈-P and Fe-P declined more obviously. M treatment had significant effect on active and medium active organophosphorus, NPK+M treatment impacted active and medium stable organophosphorus more obviously, and NPK treatment had no significant effect on organophosphorus. The correlation analysis showed that Ca₂-P, Ca₈-P, Al-P, Fe-P, medium activity, medium stable organophosphorus and available phosphorus had significant positive correlation, and Ca₈-P, medium active organophosphorus and available phosphorus were very significantly correlated.