烤烟株型与产量和质量的关系

以K326品种为试验材料,通过大田试验不同施氮量和留叶数组合,培育不同烤烟株型,研究烤烟株型性状与产量、质量的关系,以提出烤烟的理想株型变化模式。结果表明:随着叶层高、叶层宽、根系长度、根系体积、净同化率、作物生长率、叶面积持续期等株型性状数值的增加,烤烟产量增加;烤烟质量综合得分随叶层宽和顶宽的增加呈抛物线变化趋势。本研究烤烟株型动态变化模式由3种株型的组合产生,分别为台形(table shape,简称T)、鼓形(drum shape,简称D)、筒形(cylinder shape,简称C),具体可划分为5种变化模式,其中,T-D-C模式属于低产量中等质量类型;T-D-T-C模式化学成分协调,单叶重适宜,属于低产量中等质量和适宜产量较好质量类型;T-D-T-D-C模式化学成分协调,单叶重和含梗率适宜,属于低产量较好质量和适宜产量较好质量类型;D-C模式化学成分不协调,单叶重偏大,含梗率偏高,属于适宜产量较差质量类型;D-T-D-C模式化学成分不协调,单叶重偏大,含梗率偏高,属于适宜产量较差质量、高产量较差质量、高产量中等质量类型。因此,本研究得出烤烟理想株型的动态变化模式为T-D-T-D-C。

Relationship Between Plant Type and Yield & Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

Flue-cured tobacco variety K326 was taken as the test material, different combinations of nitrogen fertilization and leaf number remained were set up to get different plant types of flue-cured tobacco, then the relationship between plant type and yield & quality of flue-cured tobacco were analyzed so as to put forward the dynamic change pattern of the ideotype. The results showed that the yield of flue-cured tobacco increased with the increases of leaf layer height and width, root length and volume, net assimilation rate (NAR), crop growth rate (CGR) and leaf area duration (CGR). With the increases of leaf layer width and top leaf width, tobacco quality showed a parabolic trend. The dynamic change patterns of the flue-cured tobacco were derived from the combinations of three plant types, which included table shape (T), drum shape (D), and cylinder shape (C), respectively. Five patterns were divided and compared, among of them, T-D-C pattern belonged to the type of low production and medium quality. T-D-T-C pattern was harmonious in chemical components and appropriate in leaf weight, belonged to the type of low production and medium quality, as well as appropriate production and better quality. T-D-T-D-C pattern was harmonious in chemical components, appropriate in leaf weight and stem proportion, belonged to the type of low production and better quality, as well as appropriate production and better quality. D-C pattern was unharmonious in chemical components, great weight in leaf and high proportion in stem content, belonged to the type of appropriate production and poor quality. D-T-D-C pattern was unharmonious in chemical components, big weight in leaf and high proportion in stem content, belonged to the type of appropriate production and poor quality, high production and poor quality, as well as high production and medium quality. Therefore, the dynamic change pattern of ideotype of flue-cured tobacco was T-D-T-D-C pattern.