镁肥对葡萄叶片糖、淀粉和蛋白质及果实品质的影响

探讨大田条件下,施镁对缺镁葡萄叶片糖、淀粉和蛋白质及果实品质的影响,为葡萄科学施肥提供理论依据。采用裂区试验,主区设4个土施硫酸镁梯度,为0、112.5、150、187.5 kg/hm~2,副区设3个叶面喷施硫酸镁浓度,分别是0%、0.2%、0.4%。结果发现:土施和叶面喷施镁肥能够显著提高叶片镁含量,提升硝酸还原酶活性,增加可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量,并促进淀粉转运,减少其在叶片中的积累,最终增加果皮花色素含量,使果皮显著变红,并提高果实可溶性固形物含量,降低可滴定酸含量,提升了果实外在和内在品质。土施150 kg/hm~2同时叶面喷施0.4%硫酸镁肥时,叶片镁含量处于适量标准,硝酸还原酶活性高,叶片可溶性蛋白和糖含量高,果皮红,果实糖高酸低,施镁效果最好。

Effects of magnesium application on the leaves sugar,starch and protein content and the fruit quality of grapes

Under the condition of lack of magnesium,effects of magnesium application on the sugar,starch,protein and fruit quality of grape were studied,in order to provide reference basis for formulating fertilization of grape.A field experiment with split plot design was conducted,in the main area four soil applied gradient of 0,112.5,150,187.5 kg/hm2were set up,in the deputy district three concentrations of foliar spraying of 0%,0.2%,0.4%were applied.The results showed that soil and foliar spraying magnesium fertilizer significantly improved the magnesium content in leaf,increased nitrate reductase activity,soluble protein and soluble sugar content,promoted the starch transhipment,reduced its accumulation in leaf,eventually increased the skin pigment content,made the skin become red,improved fruit total soluble solid content,reduced the content of titrable acid and improved the quality of the fruit from both external and internal.When soil appiled 150 kg/hm2 magnesium and foliar spraying 0.4%magnesium fertilizer,the content of magnesium in leaves was in the moderate amount,with high activity of nitrate reductase,high content of soluble protein and sugar,red fruit peel,low fruit sugar,and the effect of magnesium was the best.