氮肥对沙地燕麦生长特性及产量的影响

在内蒙古通辽市珠日河沙化草地,研究燕麦(Avena sativa)种植在该地区氮肥的最佳用量,于苗期、分蘖期、拔节期、抽穗期4个时期施肥,分别占总施肥量的15%、40%、25%、20%。对燕麦追施0(CK)、70、140、210、280kg·hm~(-2)氮素,测定分蘖数、株高、茎粗、叶面积、生物量等生长指标及产量指标的变化。结果表明,追施70~280kg·hm-2氮肥均促进沙地燕麦地上部分的生长,其中以追施210kg·hm~(-2)氮肥效果最佳;追施70、140、210、280kg·hm~(-2)氮肥,沙地燕麦干草产量分别较N0增加56.96%(P0.05)、74.93%(P0.05)、121.32%(P0.05)、99.58%(P0.05)。因此,在内蒙古通辽市珠日河沙地种植燕麦追施氮肥的适宜用量为210kg·hm~(-2)。

Effect of nitrogen fertilizer application on growth characteristics and yield of oats in sandy soil

In the present sandy, the optimum amount of nitrogen fertilizer was determined in the grassland of the Pearl River in Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia.The optimum amounts of fertilizer at the seedling, tillering, jointing, and heading stageswere 15%, 40%, 25%, and 20%, respectively, of the total fertilization.The number of tillers, plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, biomass, and other growth and yield indices were measured for 0 (CK), 70, 140, 210, and 280 kg·ha-1 nitrogen in an Avena sativa variety.The results indicated that topdressing 70~280 kg·ha-1 nitrogen fertilizer promoted the growth of aerial partsin sandy soil, with the best effect at 210 kg·ha-1 nitrogen fertilizer.The the yield of hay increased by 56.96%(P>0.05), 74.93% (P<0.05), 121.32% (P<0.05), and 99.58% (P<0.05) at nitrogen fertilization levels of 70, 140, 210, and 280 kg·ha-1, respectively, than that in the CK treatment.Therefore, in Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia, topdressing 210 kg·ha-1 of nitrogen fertilizer is the optimum dosage for the cultivation of oat plants.