南京钟山国际高尔夫球场杂草种类及种群变化

本研究旨在明确南京钟山国际高尔夫球场杂草种类及种群变化,为探讨杂草持续危害百慕大(Cynodon dactylon×C.transvaalensis)草坪的可能成因,制定控制杂草对策提供依据。2000-2016年在该球场通过实地踏勘及定点调查,明确该球场有杂草36科130种,含禾草类1科27种,莎草类2科8种,阔叶类32科94种和藻类1科1种。16年中持续查见杂草28科63种;2006-2016年新见杂草9科13种;2009年前查见、2010年后草坪中未见的杂草20科54种。研究表明,该球场杂草种群丰富,相对聚集于禾本科、菊科、莎草科及十字花科等,稳定又有消长变化。2016年底,尚有马唐(Digitaria sanguinalis)、一年生早熟禾(Poa annua)、多年生黑麦草(Lolium perenne)及匍匐剪股颖(Agrostis stolonifera)局部危害百慕大草坪。在球场长草区外围加拿大一枝黄花(Solidago canadiensis)迅速扩展,钻形紫菀(Aster stubulatus)被发现。这两种杂草已在华东地区向高尔夫球场场地扩展。

Weed species and their population changing in Nanjing Zhongshan International Golf Course

To formulate the strategics of weed control in bumudagrass(Cynodon dactylon × C.transvaalensis),by analyzing the passable factors of weed damaging the turf in Golf courses.This investigation was conducted at Nanjing Zhongshan International Golf Course between 2000 and 2016 to determine the weed species and population changing by the survey and special designated.The 130 weed species found included 27 grasses,8 sedges,94 broadleaved and 1 alga from 36 families.Among them,63 species from 28 families found in 2000-2016;13 species from 9 families found in 2006-2016;54 species from 20 families found before 2009,unfound after 2010.The study indicated that the weed population in the plots was not only abundant and diversified,related gathering to some certain families such as Gramineae,Compositae,Cyperaceae,Crucifereae and so on,but also was changing with growing or declining in the related stable community.By the end of 2016,Digitaria sanguinalis,Poa annua,Lolium perenne and Agrostis stolonifera was still harmful to the bumudagrass(Cynodon dactylon × C.transvaalensis)in some part of the plots.Solidago canadiensis was expanding and Aster stubulatus was found in the out side of rough areas.These two weeds had expanded to the some of the golf plots in east China.