华北地区18个玉米品种 秸秆饲用品质分析

为提高玉米(Zea mays)秸秆饲用化的科学性与实效性,采集华北地区规模化推广种植的18个玉米品种秸秆作为研究样本,用概略养分分析法、范氏纤维分析法等对其营养品质分析评价。并用SPSS软件对玉米秸秆营养品质综合得分进行聚类分析,研究18个玉米品种秸秆营养品质及其饲用品质的典型性和代表性。结果表明:18个玉米品种的秸秆营养品质存在差异,由高到低依次为隆平206漯单6号先玉335先科338滑玉14阳光99登海605浚单29滑玉12浚单26浚单20漯单9号伟科702阳光98蠡玉16郑单958蠡玉35吉祥1号。聚类分析发现,隆平206和吉祥1号各自独为一类;漯单6号、先玉335、先科338、滑玉14聚为一类;阳光99、登海605、浚单29聚为一类;蠡玉16、郑单958、蠡玉35聚为一类;滑玉12、浚单26等6个品种聚为一类。综合分析可知,隆平206、漯单6号、先玉335、先科338和滑玉14等品种秸秆的饲用品质相对较高,若遵从该地区现有的耕作模式和栽培习惯,而又"粮饲兼顾",依据本研究营养品质分析结果,则可优先种植这些品种,以提高秸秆的饲料化利用水平,增加农业附产值。

Analysis of the feeding quality of 18 maize cultivars in North China

To improve the scientificity and effectiveness of maize straw forage, we collected 18 maize cultivars which are widely grown in North China.General nutrient analysis and van Soest fiber analysis were used to evaluate their nutritional quality.We used SPSS software to perform cluster analysis for the values of comprehensive principal component of maize straw, and to study their nutritional quality with typical feeding.Comprehensive analysis results showed that the quality of 18 corn cultivars was different: the order from high to low, Longping 206 > Luodan 6 > Xianyu 335 > Xianke 338 > Huayu 14 > Yangguang 99 > Denghai 605 > Xundan 29 > Huayu 12 > Xundan 26 > Xundan 20 > Luodan 9 > Weike 702 > Yangguang 98 > Liyu 16 > Zhengdan 958 > Liyu 35 > Jixiang 1.The results of cluster analysis showed Longping 206 and Jixiang 1 clustered alone.Luodan 6, Huayu 14, Xianyu 335 and Xianke 338 were clustered in a group;Yangguang 99, Denghai 605 and Xundan 29 were clustered;Liyu 16, Zhengdan 958 and Liyu 35 were clustered;and Huayu 12, Xundan 26 and others were clustered in another group.The result of principal component analysis and cluster analysis showed the nutritive value of Longping 206, Luodan 6, Xianyu 335, Huayu 14 and Xianke 338 were best.These cultivars should be taken into consideration to raise the level of feed utilization of straw and increase the value of agricultural production.