Spatial distribution of soil water,soil temperature,and plant roots in a drip-irrigated intercropping field with plastic mulch |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China;2. Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA;1. Assistant Professor, Water Engineering Department, University of Zabol, Zabol 35856-98613 (Iran);2. Associate Professor, Water Engineering Department, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari 378 (Iran);1. College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China;2. Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA;1. Eduardo Mondlane University, Department of Rural Engineering, Faculty of Agronomy and Forestry Engineering, PO Box 257, Maputo, Mozambique;2. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Soil and Environment, PO Box 7014, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden;1. Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian, Beijing 100083, China;2. College of Hydraulic Energy and Power Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;3. Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom;1. Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Lanzhou, China;2. College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China |
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| Abstract: | Intercropping and drip irrigation with plastic mulch are two agricultural practices used worldwide. Coupling of these two practices may further increase crop yields and land and water use efficiencies when an optimal spatial distribution of soil water contents (SWC), soil temperatures, and plant roots is achieved. However, this coupling causes the distribution of SWCs, soil temperatures, and plant roots to be more complex than when only one of these agricultural practices are used. The objective of this study thus was to investigate the effects of different irrigation treatments on spatial distributions of SWCs, soil temperatures, and root growth in a drip-irrigated intercropping field with plastic mulch. Three field experiments with different irrigation treatments (high T1, moderate T2, and low T3) were conducted to evaluate the spatial distribution of SWCs, soil temperatures, and plant roots with respect to dripper lines and plant locations. There were significant differences (p < 0.05) in SWCs in the 0–40 cm soil layer for different irrigation treatments and between different locations. The maximum SWC was measured under the plant/mulch for the T1 treatment, while the minimum SWC was measured under the bare soil surface for the T3 treatment. This was mainly due to the location of drippers and mulch. However, no differences in SWCs were measured in the 60 100 cm soil layer. Significant differences in soil temperatures were measured in the 0 5 cm soil layer between different irrigation treatments and different locations. The soil temperature in the subsoil (15 25 cm) under mulch was higher than under the bare surface. The overlaps of two plant root systems in an intercropping field gradually increased and then decreased during the growing season. The roots in the 0 30 cm soil layer accounted for about 60% 70% of all roots. Higher irrigation rates produced higher root length and weight densities in the 0 30 cm soil layer and lower densities in the 30 100 cm soil layers. Spatial distributions of SWCs, soil temperatures, and plant roots in the intercropping field under drip irrigation were significantly influenced by irrigation treatments and plastic mulch. Collected experimental data may contribute to designing an optimal irrigation program for a drip-irrigated intercropping field with plastic mulch. |
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| Keywords: | Drip irrigation with plastic mulch Intercropping Soil water Soil temperature Root distribution |
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