鹅观草×大麦属间杂种的研究

本文以分布于四川的鹅观草（Ｒｏｅｇｎｅｒｉａｔｓｕｋｎｓｈｉｅｎｓｉｓ（Ｈｏｎｄａ）Ｂ．Ｒ．Ｌｕ，Ｙｅｎ ｅｔＪ．Ｌ．Ｙａｎｇ　ｖａｒ．ｔｒａｎｓｉｅｎｓ（Ｈａｃｋ．）Ｂ．Ｒ．Ｌｕ，Ｙａｎ　ｅｔ　Ｊ．Ｌ．Ｙａｎｇ，２ｎ＝４２， ＳＳＨＨＹＹＪ作母本，栽培二棱大麦（Ｈｏｒｄｅｕｍ　ｖｕｌｇａｒｅ Ｌ．ｃｖ．ＣＡ－５，２＝１４，ＩＩ）作父 本进行属间杂交，利用杂种幼胚组织培养技术，成功地获得了杂种Ｆ１．杂交结 实率为６．５８％，胚培成苗率为６０．００％．杂种表现为多年生，具有很强的生活力， 形态上表现为双亲的中间类型．Ｆ１自交不孕，用大麦回交亦不结实·杂种具有 预期的２ｎ＝２８（ＳＨＹＩ）条染色体．花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ｉ平均形成２７．２４个单 价体．０．２０个棒状二价体，０．１８个环形二价体，未发现多价体存在．表明鹅观 草和大麦的染色体组间同源程度低．本文还探讨了大麦育种中利用鹅观草种质 的可能性。

STUDY OF INTERGENERIC HYBRID BETWEEN ROEGNERIA TSUKUSHIENSIS VAR TRANSIENS AND HORDEUM BULAGARE

Roegner ia tsukushicensis (Honda) B. R. Lu, Yen et J. L.Yang var. transiens (Hack.)B.R.Lu,Yen et J.l.Yang (2n=42,SSHHYY)in Sichuan as female parent was crossed witk Hordeum,vulgare. L. cv. CA-5 (2n-14, II). The intergener ic hybrids successfully obtained by means of embryo culture in vitro technique. The hybrid wasperennial and vigorous, and itwas morphologically similar to the middle type between two parents. 6. 58% florets. set seeds, and 60, 00% embryos cultured deyeloped into hybrid plants.Alll hybrid plants were self-sterile an ste no seeds when backcrossed with barley.It indicated that the male in hybrid F1 was sterile.The hybrid expected chromosome numbers of 2n=28(SHYI).The mean meiotic configuration per PMCwas 27.28+0.2II+0.16II. No multivalent was found. division at anaphase was abnormal,and unequal division and non-synchronized division were observed.The results indicated that the genomes between two parents existed a low affintiy.The possibiity of utilizing Roegneria germplasm in bar ley breeding was discussed.