干扰与森林更新

干扰是森林生态系统动态中的主要影响因素。它可破坏或改变原有的环境，对森林群落的发展产生深远的影响。森林对于各种干扰的反应十分复杂，但总的反应可分为两类：一种格局表现为植被结构的重组，另一种格局是通过更新，形成新的植被。因此，森林更新是与各种干扰不能分隔的一个极为重要的生态学过程。本文主要对近年来有关干扰和森林更新的研究进行了综述，分析了干扰的强度、频率和空间范围等方面的变化，以及这些变化对森林产业的作用及其森林的反应，重点讨论了不同的干扰与森林更新机制的关系、干扰对更新的窨格局的影响，干扰与更新周期性的关系、干扰对种子扩散和更新幼苗的影响等方面的问题。

Disturbance and Forest Regeneration

Disturbances play a major role in forest ecosystem dynamics since they can kill vegetation and release growing space, making it available for other species to occupy. They have a profound effect on forest development due to their great influences on physical environment, which, in return, can cause temporal and spatial variation of stand component and stand structure. After disturbances, forests may performance different responses. In spite of complex, general patterns of these responses can be divided into two broad groups: reorganization of vegetation and establishment of vegetation through regeneration, by different sexual and asexual mechanisms, before or after disturbances, along a gradient of disturbances. So regeneration, as an important ecological process, can not be separated from different kinds of disturbances which include both natural disturbance and human disturbance. This paper introduced the researches about disturbance and regeneration published in recent years. The responses of forest to disturbance, differently in frequency, magnitude and spatial extent were discussed. More attentions were paid on the following aspects: disturbance and regeneration mechanisms, relationship between disturbance and spatial pattern of regeneration, the influence of disturbance on regeneration cycles, on seed disperse and seedling establishment.