16例犬钩端螺旋体病例的回顾性分析

为了解犬钩端螺旋体病的临床特点和诊疗方法,对2017年10月至2018年7月在浙江大学动物医院确诊的16例钩端螺旋体病犬的发病和诊疗情况进行了回顾分析。PCR诊断钩端螺旋体免疫的公犬是高发群体,雨水较多的月份发病率高于雨水少的月份,由于周边地区金毛、贵宾和田园犬的保有量相对其他品种要高,故在患犬中占比较高。病初主要表现为呕吐、脱水、精神委靡、结膜潮红、食欲废绝等症状。临床检查发现血尿素氮、血肌酐、血磷等指标明显升高,白细胞不同程度升高,部分病例出现贫血。B超检查可见肾肿大、肾实质损伤。主要酸碱紊乱类型为代谢性酸中毒和呼吸性酸中毒,低钠血症最为常见,并发症有肝损伤、胰腺炎、肺炎等。

Canine Leptospirosis:A Retrospective Analysis of 16 Cases

In order to better understand the clinical characteristics,diagnosis and treatment of canine leptospirosis,a retrospective analysis was made on the incidence,diagnosis and treatment of 16cases of canine leptospirosis diagnosed in Zhejiang University Animal Hospital from October 2017to July 2018.We used PCR to diagnose this disease,and described the diagnostic method in detail.Data collected included clinical symptoms,blood routine,biochemistry,blood gas,B-mode ultrasound,serum antibody detection and PCR.It was found that male dogs without castration and leptospirosis immunization were in high-risk groups.The incidence of rainy months was higher than that of less rainy months.Because the numbers of golden retriever,poodle and mongrel in the surrounding areas were higher than that of other breeds,they accounted for a higher proportion of the affected dogs.At the beginning of the disease,the main manifestations were vomiting,dehydration,listlessness,conjunctival flushing and loss of appetite.Clinical examination found that blood urea nitrogen,serum creatinine,blood phosphorus and other indicators increased significantly,white blood cells increased to varying degrees,anemia occurred in some cases.B-ultrasound examination showed renal enlargement and renal parenchymal injury.The main types of acid-base disorders are metabolic acidosis and respiratory acidosis,and hyponatremia is the most common.Complications included liver injury,pancreatitis and pneumonia.