Experimental modification of reciprocal recurrent selection in oil palm breeding in Cameroon |
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Authors: | Claude Bakoumé Madi Galdima and Fabien Fonguimgo Tengoua |
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Institution: | (1) La Dibamba Oil Palm Research Centre, P. O. Box 2137, Douala, Cameroon;(2) Sime Darby Technology Centre Sdn Bhd, No.2. Jalan Tandang, 46050 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia |
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Abstract: | Reciprocal recurrent selection (RRS) exploits the genetic complementarity of dura populations of palms with a small number of large bunches and tenera/pisifera group of palms with large number of small bunches. An extra phase was introduced to RRS just after the second cycle of selection
where outstanding dura derived from (DA3D × DA5D) combinations of the second cycle were self-pollinated for seed production. Best palms based on
the phenotype were selected and crossed with pisifera of second cycle offspring of LM2T. (DA3D × DA5D) self-pollinated × LM2T self-pollinated] progenies were field tested at
La Dibamba (Cameroun) from 1987 to 1997. They were precocious with regard to the three-first years’ bunch yields (13.16–15.77 t/ha).
Homogeneity for all bunch yield components and homogeneity for vertical growth were illustrated by low values of the variation
coefficient (5.75–7.75%). The oil yield was 107% of the control against 115% from (DA3D × DA5D) × LM2T self-pollinated] progenies
of the second cycle of RRS, mostly due to poor mesocarp to fruit and poor oil to mesocarp ratios which led to a low oil extraction
rate. The extra selection phase led mainly to homogenisation of progenies but also reduced the fruit quality. However, three
progenies whose average oil yield represented 115% of the control (4.87 t/ha) in addition to their precocity can be released
to oil palm growers. The extension of RRS did not fully meet expectations and poses the problem of its reliability. |
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