马铃薯不同生长时期~(14)C 同化物的运转和分配

本文研究了早熟品种马铃薯在生长过程中~(14)C 同化物的运转分配,发现同化物首先用来满足叶自身建设和维持活动需要,前者占70%以上,后者占23～29%,剩余量才分配给其它器官。主茎叶(16片)建成前主要流向茎叶,占54%以上,其次块茎,根系只占3%以下,主茎建成后,则主要流向块茎,占55%以上,甚至贮存在茎叶中的同化物也被运往块茎,数量多达20%以上。对~(14)C 同化物的竞争力,茎叶始终处于优势,块茎的竞争力只能到结薯盛期才能与茎叶相当,根系竞争力最弱,且随着植株生长进程而日益削弱。最后讨论了马铃薯生长时期的划分、各期的形态标志及相应的合理栽培技术措施。

TRANSLOCATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF ~(14)C-LABELED ASSIMILATES IN POTATO DURING ITS DIFFERENT STAGES

In present paper the translocation and distribution of ~(14)C-labeled assimi-lates in potato plants of early maturing cultivar during their growing periodwere studied.It was shown,the assimilates are first taken out for the use inleaves themselves,of which more than 70% are used for the constructive pro-cess of leaves,23-29% for maintaining them,only the assimilates remained are transmitted to other places.Before the last/16th leaf of the main stem isfully extended,more than 54% of assimilates are first transmitted to the stemsand leaves,then to the tubers,and less than 3% to the roots.After the lastleaf of main stem is fully extended,the assimilates are transmitted mainlyinto the tubers,even the assimilates stored in the stems and leaves are alsomobilized into action to be transmitted to the tubers.As to the capacity of competition for taking ~(14)C-labeled assimilates bet-ween organs during growing period,the stems and leaves are consecutively indominant position,the weakest is the roots,which weaken with plant growth.Lastly,the discussions about division of growing period into stages and avai-lable cultural practices for each stage are touched.