利用若干单株混合提取DNA方法进行玉米群体SSR的分析

以金皇后玉米群体90个单株：DNA和6个自交系DNA为供试材料，利用15对SSR引物，比较了同一群体4种DNA样品处理(单株DNA样品、3个单株混合DNA样品、10个单株混合DNA样品、15个单株混合DNA样品)的SSR遗传多态性。结果表明，利用单株DNA样品能获得等位基因数、基因频率、基因型杂合度等较全面的遗传信息，适宜进行单个或少量群体的遗传结构研究，但试验工作量大；利用混合DNA样品所能获得的遗传信息有所减少，比较4种DNA样品处理的检测结果发现，15个单株混合样品的检测结果误差较大，而采用3～10个单株DNA混合的样品基本可以反映出一个群体的等位基因数目和SSR带型的差异，由于试验工作量大大减少，可以应用于较多玉米群体间遗传差异的比较。

The Use of Bulk DNA for Analysis of Genetic Diversity in Maize Populations by SSR

By use of 90 individuals DNA from Gold Queen maize population, 6 inbred lines DNA, and 15 pair SSR primers, the effect of 4 kinds of DNA sample treatments of the individual DNA sample, the mixed DNA sample with 3 individuals, with 10 individuals, and with 15 individuals for the genetic diversity in the same population were compared and analyzed. The result indicated that using individual DNA sample could get comparatively complete genetic information including allele numbers, the gene frequency, the proportion of het-erozygosity etc. It could applied to the analysis of genetic structure of a single or a few populations of maize. But this method needs much more work than the bulk sample. The use of bulk DNA sample will make the genetic information decrease. Comparison of detective result of 4 kinds of DNA sample treatments suggested that the detective result of the mixed DNA sample with 15 individuals had a bigger error, but utilizing the mixed DNA sample with 3 - 10 individuals could reflect allele numbers and difference of a maize population, because of con-sumedly reducing the experiment workload, it can be applied to the comparison for genetic difference in the more maize populations.