我国杉木人工林可持续经营面临的问题及发展策略——基于全国分布区的调查

基于2018年7-8月对我国杉木分布区进行的实地调查，总结整理了影响杉木人工林可持续经营的问题，包括"重栽疏养"、极端气候事件频发、做不到"适地适树"、群众造林积极性降低、林业部门投入减少以及木材价格波动频繁等问题。针对以上林农、林场、林业科研院所、林业局等相关林业部门存在的普遍问题，提出推动绿色生态优先发展、加大林场专项资金扶持力度、良种基地建设和技术推广、遵循因地制宜的原则、加快林间混生套种以及林下经济建设、加大林地管理力度、提高应对极端气候事件危害能力、加强木材价格依法管理、着重杉木相关产品开发等相应的对策和政策，以期为杉木人工林的可持续经营提供理论上的支持。

Problems and Development Strategy for Sustainable Management of Chinese Fir Plantation: Based on the Investigation of Its National Distribution

Based on the field investigation of the distribution area of Chinese Fir plantation in July and August of 2018, we summarized the problems that affect the sustainable management of Chinese fir plantation, including that more attention to planting than maintenance, frequent occurrence of extreme weather events, failure to plant suitable species for the selected site, lowered enthusiasm of people to afforest, the inputs reduction in forestry sector, and frequently fluctuated wood price fluctuated.With an eye to these rampant problems found in the forestry sector including forestry farmers, forest farms, forestry research institutes and forestry bureaus, we put forward the corresponding countermeasures and policies,, i.e., prioritizing the green ecological development, increasing the support of special funds for forest farms, improving seed bases construction and the technology extension, following the principle of adapting the development to local conditions, facilitating interplanting and understorey economic development, tightening the forest land management, improving the capacity in response to extreme weather events, strengthening the management of wood price according to law, and focusing on the development of Chinese fir related products.These were hoped to provide theoretical supports for the sustainable management of Chinese fir plantations.