广东省两种不同起源水稻土发育特征及其分类的研究

本文研究广东省两种不同起源(玄武岩发育的砖红壤和滨海沼泽土)水稻土的发育特征及其分类问题。研究结果表明:土壤腐殖质的H/F比值随淹水时间增长有增大的趋势;砖红壤与滨海沼泽土发育成水稻土的过程中,土壤性质的变化方向不同,不同起源水稻土的pH、盐基代换量、晶质铁以及晶胶率有明显的差别,受起源土壤的影响很大,相反,同一起源不同水型水稻土的性质差异则较小;水稻土应是一个独立土类,土壤剖面形态,铁的晶胶率,腐殖质的H/F比值,pH,盐基总量以及盐基饱和度等可作为鉴别水稻土发育特征和划分土壤类型的依据,供试土壤可划分为砖红壤性水稻土和滨海沼泽土性水稻土两个亚类,每个亚类可按不同水型(淹育、潴育、潜育和脱潜等)划分土属。

THE DEVELOPMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS AND CLASSIFICATION OF TWO PADDY SOILS WITH DIFFERENT ORIGINS IN GUANGDONG PROVINCE

The paper deals with the developmental characteristics and classification of two types of paddy soils originated from basalt-derived latosol and coastal marsh respectively in Guangdong province. The research results indicated: The H/F ratio in soil humus tended to increase with the prolongation of submer-gence; the soil characteristics changed in different ways in the developmental process of latosol and coastal marsh to paddy soils; the differences between the soils with different origins were significant in terms of pH value, CEC, ferruginous crystal and ratio of ferruginous crystal and colloid, which reflected the strong influence of original soils. But the differences of characteristics between the soils with same origin but different water regimes were not significant; paddy soil should be an independent soil group, and the distinction of its developmental characteristics and its classification could be based on the soil profile morphology, ratio of ferruginous crystal and colloid, ratio of H/F in humus, pH, total base content, base saturati n etc; the tested soils could be classified into two sub-groups, i. e. lateritic paddy soil and coastal marshy paddy soil. The sub-groups could be further divided into different families according to their water regimes (submergic, periodically waterlogged, gleyed, degleyed etc) .