新疆焉耆盆地典型区域土壤盐分特征

采用相关分析法与主成分分析法,研究了焉耆盆地典型区域土壤盐分特征.结果表明：研究区24.8％样地呈非盐溃化土壤,7.5％为轻度盐渍化,11.9％为中度盐渍化,13.6％为重度盐渍化,42.2％为盐土.土壤盐分含量大小与HCO3-、K＋与Na＋含量水平的高低有关.0 ～ 10 cm土壤平均合盐量占0～ 50 cm土层平均含盐量的50.09％,即土壤盐分垂直分布呈现强烈表聚性.主成分分析结果表明,含盐量、K＋＋Na＋、CO32-与HCO3-可作为研究区土壤盐渍化状况的特征因子.不同土地利用类型条件下,耕层土壤平均含盐量从高到低依次为：荒地、林地、旱田、菜地.不同时期耕层土壤平均含盐量从高到低依次为：春灌期、夏灌期、秋灌期.

Characteristics of Soil Salinity in Typical Area in Yanqi Basin,Xinjiang

The characteristics of soil salinity in Yanqi Basin were studied based on correlation analysis and principalcomponent analysis.Results of the study indicated that：24.8％ soil samples were non-salinized,while 7.5％ slightly salinized,11.9％ moderately salinized,13.6％ strongly salinized and 42.2％ saline soil.The soil salinity depends on the concentration of HCO3-,K＋ and Na＋ of soil to a certain extend.The salinity of surface soil layer （0-10 cm） occupied 50.09％ of the salinity of 0-50 cm soil layer,indicated that the soil salinity distributed mainly at the top soil layer.Results of principal component analysis explained that the salinity,K＋ ＋ Na ＋,CO32-and HCO3-concentrations could be the characteristic factors for expressing soil salinization in the study area.The abundance of salinity of root zone soil layer for different land use type was in the following order：wastelands ＞ Forest ＞ Upland field ＞ Vegetable field.The abundance of salinity of root zone soil layer for different period was in the following order：spring irrigated period ＞ summer irrigation period ＞ autumn irrigation period.