不同萃取方法对缫丝蛹油脂肪酸组成及理化性质的影响

采用有机溶剂(正已烷和石油醚)萃取法及超临界CO2流体萃取法分别萃取获得缫丝蚕蛹油样品,并对其脂肪酸组成及理化性质指标进行分析和测定。结果表明,缫丝蚕蛹经两种萃取方法共3种溶剂萃取获得的3个蛹油样品,其脂肪酸组成相同,均分离出4种饱和脂肪酸和5种不饱和脂肪酸(占脂肪酸总量的72%~75%),其中超临界CO2萃取得到的蛹油酸值和过氧化值较低,而碘价和皂化值较高,质量优于其它2种有机溶剂提取的蛹油。提示超临界CO2萃取的蛹油作为一种富含ω-3型不饱和脂肪酸(α-亚麻酸)的功能性油脂,具有广阔的应用开发前景。

Effects of Different Extraction Methods on the Fatty Acid Compositions and Physico-chemical Characteristics of Oil From Residual Pupa in Carry-over Cocons

To investigate effects of different extraction methods on the fatty acid composition and physicochemical characteristics of oil from residual pupa in carry-over cocoons,three oil samples were obtained by extraction with hexane,petroleum ether,and supercritical CO2,respectively.The fatty acid composition of the samples was analyzed by GC-MS.The iodine value,saponification value,acid value and peroxide value were determined simultaneously.The results showed that 9 kinds of fatty acids were separated and identified in all samples.Among them,there were 4 kinds of saturated fatty acids,and 5 kinds of unsaturated fatty acids which occupied 72%～75% of the total fatty acids content.Four physico-chemical indexes were different among 3 samples.Acid value and peroxide value were lower,and iodine value and saponification value were higher in the sample extracted with supercritical CO2 than those with two organic solvents.This demonstrated that the quality of pupa oil extracted with supercritical CO2 was higher than those with two organic solvents,suggesting that the former can serve as a good source of ω-3 unsaturated fatty acids(α-linolenic acid) in the fields of food and medicine industries.