左权气候变化对核桃生长的影响与对策

[目的]研究气候变化对左权核桃生长的影响。[方法]利用左权县1961～2010年气温、降水量、日照气象资料,分析气候变化对左权核桃生长发育的影响。[结果]近50年左权县气温年际变化呈上升趋势,冬季增暖尤其明显;降水量年际变化呈下降趋势,秋季减少最为显著;日照时数年际变化呈下降趋势。各气象因子发生变化最显著时段均出现在20世纪90年代。气候变暖,左权核桃种植适宜区域范围扩大,且引发核桃萌芽至开花物候期提前,遭遇低温冻害的几率和强度增加;降水量减少,大大增加了核桃遭受春旱、夏旱的可能性,对核桃正常生长和产量的稳定不利;日照时数减少,光照强度下降,影响核桃的品质和产量。[结论]该研究可为合理利用气候资源、最大程度地减轻气候条件对左权核桃生长发育不利的影响提供决策和服务依据。

Impact of Climate Change on the Walnut Growth in Zuoquan County and Its Adaption Countermeasures

[Objective]The research aimed to study the impact of climate change on the walnut growth in Zuoquan county.[Method]Using the meteorological data including temperatures,precipitation and sunshine in recent 50 years（1961-2010） of Zuoquan county,the impact of climate change on the walnut growth in Zuoquan county were analyzed.[Result]The annual average temperature increased gradually,especially in winter;the precipitation was decreased obviously,especially in autumn;the variability of annual average sunshine was a downward trend in Zuoquan county in recent 50 years.The most significant period of meteorological factors change emerged in the 1990s.The climate warming led to plant range extension,but bud and bloom moving up,which increased probability and intensity of frozen injury.Decreasing precipitation increased the possibility of spring drought and summer drought,which impact on regular growth and yield stability.Reducing sunshine affected the quality and yield of the walnut.[Conclusion] The study provides a strategic service basis for reasonably utilizing climatic resources and largely decreasing the adverse effects of climatic conditions on walnut of Zuoquan growth and development.