杂交水稻谷粒性状的遗传分析

本文用3个不育系与10个恢复系为供试材料，组成3×10NC II交配设计，对三系杂交稻谷粒性状进行了遗传分析。其结果，谷粒长、宽、长/宽和千粒重等四个性状均为加性基因效应起主导作用；谷粒的长/宽主要受母本（不育系）的影响，父本（恢复系）影响极小，未达显著水平；粒长、宽和千粒重三性状同时受父母本的影响，而且其影响

Genetic Analysis on Grain Characters in Hybrid Rice

At the present paper ,a 3@10 incomplete diallel cross was carried out for studying the inheritance of the grain characters. The results showed that,the grain length,width,Length/width and 1000-grain weight all were mainly governed by the additive gene effects; Length/width were determined by the female parents (MS lines),and the male parents (restorer lines)had very little effects on them,not at significant level,while 1000-grain weight,length and width were affected by both male and female parents. Grain length,width and 1000-grain weight all had very high broad heritabilities,their narrow heritabilities were 78. 70% ,89. 53% and 86. 46% ,respectively. The correlations between length/width and width,were significantly positive,but length/width and 1000-grain weight, length/width and width, were significantly negative, Correlations between length and width,length and 1000-grain weight were not significant. The results of path analysis suggested that,direct path coefficients from length,width and 1000-grain weight to length/width were 0. 4881, -0. 7477 and -0. 0793,respectively. But the indirect path coefficients from 1000-grain weight to length/width by ways of length and width reached 0.1266 and -0. 5630,respectively. In the paper we have also discussed the ways of developing hybrid rice combinations with good yielding potential and desirable grain characters.