铅对骨骼毒性的作用机制研究进展

铅（plumbum，Pb）在自然界中广泛分布，铅及其多数化合物是一种不可降解的环境污染物，可通过废水、废气、废渣大量流入环境，产生环境污染及健康危害。随着都市化、现代化进程的加快，铅已经成为生活中最常见的化学污染物。近年来，铅与骨骼方面的疾病越来越受到人们的关注，铅对骨骼损伤机理的相关研究也不断深入。资料表明，铅对骨骼的毒性可能是通过损伤内分泌器官而间接影响激素合成干扰钙磷代谢和影响骨矿物代谢，阻碍骨骼发育或通过毒化细胞和影响钙信使系统活性部位中的钙而直接干扰骨细胞的功能。文章就铅对钙磷代谢、碱性磷酸酶和骨钙素及成骨细胞凋亡相关基因表达的影响进行了综述，为生产实践和研究提供参考资料。

Advance in the Toxicity Mechanism of Lead to Bone

Lead widely distributed in nature.Lead and its compounds were majority of non-biodegradable pollutants.They flow into the environment,generate pollution and hazard health through wastewater,emissions and waste residue.With urbanization,accelerating the process of modernization,lead have become the most common chemical pollutants in our lives.In recent years,more and more people pay attention to the relationship between lead and bone disease.The relevant research on bone damage mechanism has been deeply studied.Current data indicated that the toxicity of lead may be due to endocrine organ injury,indirect effecting of hormone,impacting calcium and phosphorus metabolism or bone mineral metabolism because of hormone disturbance,and hinderring the development of bone.Through injuring the bone cells and affecting calcium messenger system,lead insteads the active site of calcium in calcium messenger system and directly interferes with the function of bone cells.Authors summarized the influences of lead on the metabolism of calcium,phosphorus,the ALP,osteocalcin and osteoblast apoptosis-related gene expression.This article provides reference materials for the practice and research.