不同种植模式对水稻生长特性的影响

针对四川省传统的稻田种植模式存在的问题,研究探讨了水稻-秋菜-春马铃薯、水稻-秋马铃薯/油菜和水稻-秋菜-小麦3种稻田生态重建的种植模式。结果表明:与传统的稻油、稻麦种植模式相比,3种植模式下水稻个体长势好,群体发育的结构合理,分蘖较多、穗大、着粒数亦高,千粒重、产量、作物水分生产效率及叶片光合速率均有所提高。千粒重分别比对照高出0.73、0.30和1.51G;水稻产量分别比比对照高出:158.7、99.2和109.0KG/HM2。作物水分生产效率分别提高10.99%、5.60%和12.73%;在水稻生长后期,3种新型的种植模式表现出较强的水肥耦合效应。

EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT CULTIVATION SYSTEMS ON RICE GROWTH IN PADDY-FIELD

Aimed at the problem of paddy-field under conventional planting mode,three kinds of paddy-field ecotypic structures were established including rice-autumn vegetable-spring potato,rice-autumn potato/rape and rice-autumn vegetable-wheat were studied.The results indicated that under the condition of rice-autumn vegetable-spring potato、rice-autumn potato/rape and rice-autumn vegetable-wheat,the three cultivation systems mentioned were fine,and the structure of rice colony were in reasonable.The quantity of rice ramification,panicle,grain,kilo-grain weight,products,WUE,leaf area of rice and photosynthesis velocity during different growing period were enhanced to a certain extent.Compared with conventional cultivation system,kilo-grain weight increased by 0.73,0.30 and 1.51g,respectively.And the yields also increased by158.7 kilogram/hm~2、99.2kilogram/ha and 109.0 kilogram/ha.Besides,The WUE of rice increased by:10.99%,5.60%,12.73% foe different treatment.The influencing of water-fertilizer coupling caused by new cultivation systems at the late period of rice growth was behaved.Meanwhile,the cultivation systems,which paddy-field ecotypic structures were established,posse other functions,such as production cost,protecting environment,reducing plant diseases and insect pests,and preventing weed,which would promote the reform of paddy-field cultivation system in Sichuan province.